Cursus, Blackrock, Co. Wicklow
Co. Wicklow |
Ritual/Ceremonial
On the western slope of Lugnagun ridge in County Wicklow, two long parallel earthen banks run side by side across the hillside for more than 600 metres.
They are roughly half a metre high, about four and a half metres wide, and separated by a gap of 36 to 39 metres. Nobody walking past would necessarily register what they were looking at, and indeed the monument went unrecognised until 2013, when it showed up on LiDAR imaging, the aerial laser-scanning technology increasingly used to detect buried or eroded earthworks that have become invisible at ground level.
What the LiDAR revealed is a probable cursus, a type of Neolithic monument consisting of two parallel banks or ditches enclosing a long corridor. Cursus monuments are among the more enigmatic structures of prehistoric Europe; their purpose remains genuinely unclear, though they are generally understood as ceremonial or processional in character. Steve Davis of the UCD School of Archaeology identified this one, and the alignment is roughly east to west, with the upper, eastern end of the monument sitting close to a cairn on the ridge summit. A cairn in this context is a mound of stones, typically Bronze Age or Neolithic, often associated with burial. At the eastern terminal the cursus is open, meaning the two banks do not close off that end, and the southern bank appears to have been robbed out, its stones or material removed at some point and repurposed elsewhere. Further downslope, both banks have been largely levelled, though they remain traceable on aerial photographs and LiDAR data. The site was published by Christiaan Corlett in 2014.
The Wicklow example is not entirely isolated. A comparable possible cursus has been identified on Keadeen Mountain elsewhere in the county, and related monuments have been recorded at Brewel Hill in County Kildare and at two sites in County Carlow, at Knockendrane and Coolasnaghta. That several of these monuments appear on upland or ridge terrain is worth noting, though whether that reflects deliberate prehistoric choice or simply better preservation away from lowland agriculture is a question the evidence does not yet settle.