Enclosure, Dunbell Big, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Dunbell Big, Co. Kilkenny

In County Kilkenny, a bungalow built around 1980 sits inside the footprint of an ancient circular enclosure.

The arrangement is not especially dramatic to look at, but it represents something that happened quietly across Ireland throughout the twentieth century: a pre-Christian or early medieval monument absorbed into the ordinary fabric of domestic life, its boundaries redrawn by a planning application rather than centuries of gradual erosion.

The enclosure at Dunbell Big was recorded on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839 as a roughly circular form, approximately 36 metres in diameter, lying immediately to the west of a small farmyard. A field boundary ran close to its south-western edge. Circular enclosures of this kind, often called ringforts or raths, were typically used as enclosed farmsteads during the early medieval period in Ireland, their banks and ditches defining a family's living and working space. By the time the Ordnance Survey revised its mapping in 1900, only a portion of the north-eastern perimeter was still being indicated, suggesting the monument had been substantially levelled in the intervening decades. Then, around 1980, a bungalow was built within the interior, completing what the intervening years of agricultural activity had begun. The north-eastern bank of the enclosure does survive, upstanding, as the one portion that has held its ground through all of it.

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