Enclosure, Rathclogh, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
At ground level, a field in Rathclogh, County Kilkenny looks like ordinary agricultural land.
From the air, the story changes. A rectangular enclosure, roughly 45 metres along its north-west to south-east axis and around 40 metres across, reveals itself as a cropmark, the faint but readable signature of a buried fosse. A fosse is a ditch, typically cut to define or defend an enclosed space, and when it silts up and is built over by centuries of ploughing, the disturbed soil and its different moisture retention cause the crops above to grow in subtly distinct patterns, patterns that only become legible from altitude.
This particular enclosure was first identified on aerial photographs taken on 9 July 1969, and confirmed again in 1971 and in a further set of photographs from 1995. More recently, satellite imagery has continued to show the outline. What makes the Rathclogh site especially interesting is that it does not appear to be alone. Aerial photographs of the surrounding area reveal at least five other cropmark enclosures clustered nearby, one sitting just 20 metres to the north, another only 15 metres to the south-east, with further examples at roughly 70, 140, and 180 metres in various directions. Whether these enclosures are broadly contemporary, or represent successive phases of activity across a much longer span of time, is not something the aerial record alone can answer. But the concentration suggests that this particular stretch of Kilkenny farmland was, at some point, a place of repeated and deliberate human organisation, its landscape shaped and reshaped in ways that left no visible trace above the soil line but have not entirely disappeared.