Enclosure, Oldtown, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Oldtown, Co. Kilkenny

A public road in Oldtown, Co. Kilkenny, bends slightly as it runs north to south, curving just enough to avoid cutting through an ancient earthwork that has been there far longer than the road.

That small detour in the tarmac is one of the more telling signs that something unusual lies just to the west, where a roughly circular raised platform, around 43 metres across, sits within a surrounding fosse and outer bank. A fosse, in this context, is simply a ditch, part of the defensive or demarcating architecture common to early Irish enclosures. The overall monument extends to about 77 metres in diameter, and the local name recorded for it, the Raheen, suggests a small ring-fort or enclosure of some antiquity; "ráithín" being a diminutive of "ráth", the Irish word for a ringfort.

The site appears on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839, where it is shown as a roughly circular enclosure of around 50 metres in diameter, already with a large quarry pressing against its north-western edge. By the time of the 1947 revision, that quarrying had visibly eaten into the monument's outer edge on the north-west side, while the fuller structure, berm, fosse, outer bank and central raised area, was more completely recorded. O'Kelly, writing in 1969, noted a moat at Oldtown locally called the Raheen, almost certainly referring to this monument, as no other enclosure appears in the townland on either map. The convergence of a Gaelic place-name tradition and a cartographic record over more than a century points to something that mattered to local memory even as its fabric was being gradually reduced. A house built in 1972 now occupies the interior, and the southern sector of the outer bank has been levelled to accommodate it and its landscaped garden, losses documented by Shanahan and Kirby in 2015. What remains is a monument that has been quarried from one side, built upon from another, and yet still causes a road to bend respectfully around it.

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Pete F
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