Enclosure, Ballyragget, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballyragget, Co. Kilkenny

Beneath a ploughed field on the slope of a broad, flat-topped hill near Ballyragget in County Kilkenny, a circle roughly fifty metres across waits to be rediscovered.

It cannot be seen from the ground at all. The enclosure exists only as a cropmark, a ghost written in differential growth rates across a cereal crop, visible from the air when soil moisture and crop stress conspire to trace the buried outline of what once stood or was dug here.

Cropmarks of this kind form when buried features, such as the filled-in ditches that typically defined a circular enclosure, retain more moisture than the surrounding soil, causing crops above them to grow taller or stay greener longer. The enclosure was identified from aerial photographs taken in July 1990 and again in July 2000. It sits just below the crest of the hill on a south-west-facing slope, with views described as extensive in all directions, a positioning that would have made sense for any number of purposes across any number of periods. Ireland's circular enclosures range from prehistoric ring forts to early medieval raths, and without excavation it is rarely possible to assign a confident date to a cropmark alone. What is clear is that a modern field boundary cuts across the monument on a north-east to south-west line, and that the boundary itself curves noticeably where it intersects the enclosure, as though whoever laid it out long ago was aware of, or working around, something already present in the ground. The larger portion of the enclosure survives to the north of that boundary. Immediately to the south-east lies a second, irregular enclosure, also known only as a cropmark, suggesting this corner of north Kilkenny may have seen more activity in earlier centuries than the quiet tillage fields now imply.

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