Ringfort (Rath), Cloghanebane, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloghanebane, Co. Kerry

The name says something that the grassy mound alone does not.

Lisnagree, anglicised from Lios na GraĆ­, translates as the ringfort of the stud of horses, a detail that immediately complicates the usual image of these enclosures as purely domestic farmsteads. Ringforts, or raths, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area bounded by an earthen bank and an external ditch, the fosse, enclosing a farmyard and dwelling. This one, positioned in the north-west corner of a large pastoral field in north Kerry, holds its ground on a slight rise with open views in every direction, a placement that was almost certainly deliberate.

The enclosing bank is still largely intact, standing 1.2 metres high on the outside and built of earth and stone to a width of six metres, though the southern section has not survived. The fosse can be traced for around eighteen metres on the north-east to east side, roughly three metres wide and half a metre deep. Inside, the ground sits noticeably higher than the surrounding land, a typical result of centuries of accumulated occupation. Toward the centre is a sub-rectangular house site measuring four metres by 3.6 metres internally, its corners softened into curves rather than sharp right angles. To the north of this sits a small mound, around 1.8 by 1.4 metres, with a raised area curving around it to the north and west. A second, smaller mound lies just inside the southern sector of the bank. The eastern entrance, probably stone-lined originally, is approximately three metres wide. These interior features, particularly the mounds, are harder to interpret without excavation, but they suggest the space was organised with some care. The association with horse-rearing, carried in the place-name, points to a site of possible economic significance in the early medieval landscape of Kerry, where livestock management was a marker of status and wealth.

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