Ringfort (Rath), Sleveen, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
Between the first Ordnance Survey mapping of the 1840s and its later revision in 1915-16, a ringfort in Sleveen, County Kerry, effectively vanished from the landscape, at least on paper.
Where the earlier map shows a complete circular enclosure, the later edition records almost nothing. The structure did not collapse or get cleared away entirely; it was absorbed. The curving earthen bank that once defined the fort's perimeter was folded into the surrounding field boundary, becoming, to the casual eye, just another ditch separating one patch of Kerry farmland from the next.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, typically circular banks of earth enclosing a domestic space. They were built in their thousands, and they survive in their thousands, though rarely intact. This example belongs to a place recorded in Irish as Baile Oisín, meaning the homestead of Oisín, a personal name. What remains of the univallate ringfort, meaning one with a single enclosing bank rather than multiple concentric ones, runs from the north around through the west to the south. That surviving arc of bank still carries some presence: it stands 1.1 metres high on its external face and a more imposing 1.9 metres when measured from the interior, the difference reflecting how the earthwork was originally thrown up from material dug within the enclosure. A bohareen, the Irish term for a narrow rural lane or track, runs immediately to the east of the surviving bank.
C. Toal's North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995, provides the documentary record for the site, drawing on the contrast between those two OS map editions to trace what was lost and when. The absorption of prehistoric and early medieval earthworks into working field systems is one of the quieter forms of landscape change in rural Ireland, gradual enough that it rarely registers as loss at all.