Ringfort (Rath), Ballyronan, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyronan, Co. Kerry

Two ringforts sitting side by side in the same field is unusual enough to give pause.

Most raths, the circular earthwork enclosures built by early medieval farming families in Ireland, occur as isolated features scattered across a landscape. Finding one immediately to the north of another, as at Ballyronan in north Kerry, raises questions about the people who once lived here and how they related to one another, questions the ground itself does not easily answer.

The site is a univallate rath, meaning it has a single enclosing bank rather than the double or triple rings that sometimes indicate higher status. That bank, earthen and broadly spread, runs between five and eight metres wide at its base, though it rises only about forty centimetres above the interior and seventy centimetres above the surrounding land. Those are modest dimensions, and the rath has been further reduced over time by levelling, the slow attrition of ploughing and land clearance that has flattened countless such monuments across the country. The internal diameter measures 21.5 metres, a reasonable size for a rath of this kind, sufficient to have enclosed a farmstead and its associated structures. What the site retains, despite its worn condition, is its position: it commands extensive views in all directions, a reminder that whoever chose this spot was paying close attention to the land around them. The details here come from C. Toal's North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995 through Brandon in association with FÁS.

The paired arrangement of the two raths in a single field is the detail that lingers. Whether they were occupied simultaneously or in sequence, whether they housed related households or successive generations on the same ground, remains unknown. The earthworks themselves are too reduced now to offer much to the casual eye, but the open, elevated position still gives a sense of why early medieval farmers returned again and again to this particular patch of Kerry farmland.

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