Souterrain, Lios Deargáin, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Settlement Sites
On the south-south-western slopes of Croaghskearda, overlooking the flat, waterlogged ground around Trabeg on the Dingle Peninsula, there is a large circular enclosure that served as a calluragh burial ground until the nineteenth century.
A calluragh, sometimes spelled cillín, is an unconsecrated burial site, typically used for unbaptised infants and others excluded from churchyard burial, a quietly sorrowful category of place found across Ireland. Within this one stand a cross-inscribed pillar stone and a bullaun stone, the latter being a boulder with one or more cup-shaped hollows worn or carved into it, associated in many parts of Ireland with early Christian and pre-Christian ritual use. Several other features of uncertain origin complete the picture, their purpose still unresolved.
What makes the site particularly interesting is what is no longer there, or at least no longer visible. The writer and folklorist Pádraig Ó Siochfhradha, better known by his pen name An Seabhac, noted in 1939 the former presence of a church in the enclosure, as well as caves or souterrains in the field immediately to the south. Souterrains are dry-stone underground passages or chambers, constructed during the early medieval period and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both. When J. Cuppage surveyed the Dingle Peninsula and published the findings in 1986, no trace of the church survived, and the souterrains An Seabhac described had also vanished from the record, leaving only his written account as evidence they ever existed. Whether they collapsed, were filled in, or were simply misidentified is not known.