Ringfort (Rath), Lackaroe, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Lackaroe, Co. Kerry

A ringfort turned garden is an unusual thing to encounter, but that is precisely what has happened at this early medieval earthwork on the crest of a ridge south-west of Curramore Hill in Lackaroe, County Kerry.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, their earthen banks defining a domestic and agricultural space rather than a military one. Here, the interior has been converted into a landscaped garden with an entrance at the western side, and trees planted around the perimeter. The circular form that the Ordnance Survey mapped in 1846 as an enclosure of approximately 25 metres in diameter has been substantially altered, with earth brought in and a scarp about 1.5 metres high formed along what was probably the original line of the bank. Only an arc of the original earthen bank survives along the north-east to east, still standing about a metre high on its outer face and some 4.4 metres wide.

What makes the site particularly layered is what local tradition holds to lie beneath the surface. The stones, a boulder and several smaller ones that protrude from the ground inside the enclosure, are said locally to be in their original positions, hinting at structures or features that predate the landscaping. More significantly, local knowledge points to a souterrain within the rath, a souterrain being an underground stone-lined passage typically associated with early medieval settlement and used for storage or refuge. The rath is also said to contain a children's burial ground, known in Irish tradition as a cillín, a category of informal burial site where unbaptised infants were interred, often at the margins of sanctioned ground. The pairing of a souterrain and a cillín within a single enclosure places this site within a wider pattern of early medieval and post-medieval landscape use that is far more complex than its tidy garden appearance now suggests.

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