Ringfort (Rath), Ballinloughaun, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinloughaun, Co. Mayo

A low circular earthwork on a gently sloping hillside in County Mayo, this rath sits quietly in pasture land, its bank thickly fringed by blackthorn and brambles that press inward across the interior.

What makes it particularly interesting is the way several different periods of land use have left their mark on a single, relatively modest structure, a raised circular area of around thirty metres across, defined by a bank of earth and stone that stands just over a metre high on its outer face.

Known as Cloonkee Fort on both the 1838 and 1922 Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, the site belongs to the class of enclosed settlements known as raths, the ringforts that once served as farmsteads for early medieval Irish families, typically surrounded by a bank and ditch for the enclosure of livestock and the household within. The bank here tells a layered story. On the western half, the outer slope has been vertically cut and stone-faced, an alteration that appears to date not from the rath's original construction but from a later field fence that was built by incorporating the earthwork into its line, merging with the bank at the west-southwest and running beyond it to the south-east. A second field fence, aligned north to south, has further disturbed the outer slope at the north-east and east. Inside, a faint linear rise crossing the interior, incorporating a large boulder towards its western end, may be the remnant of yet another field boundary. Immediately outside the bank to the west, a shallow subcircular depression of around eight metres across is likely an old quarry pit. A second rath lies approximately 140 metres to the north, suggesting this corner of Mayo once supported a modest clustering of early medieval settlement activity.

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