Ringfort (Rath), Ardacarha, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ardacarha, Co. Mayo

Between the first Ordnance Survey of Ireland in 1838 and the map revisions that followed, this ringfort at Ardacarha quietly vanished from the official record.

Cartographers noted it on the original six-inch OS sheet as a circular enclosure, but later editions omitted it entirely. On the ground, though, it persists, an oval earthen platform roughly 38 metres east to west and 34 metres north to south, set on a natural rise with long views across the undulating Mayo landscape and flat, low-lying ground stretching away to the south-west and north-east. A stream runs about fifty metres to the west.

A rath, to give it its Irish term, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches and enclosing a domestic settlement. Here, the defining feature is a scarp, an earthen slope cut into or built up from the ground, that survives to a height of three metres on the southern side and around two metres at the north-west and east. The northern section has been levelled over time until it blends almost imperceptibly with the natural hillside. A gently ramped slope at the north-east may mark where an original entrance once stood. The interior is level and largely empty, save for a single hawthorn tree growing from a large boulder near the centre. Hawthorns are commonly associated with fairy forts, the folk name for ringforts, and their presence at such sites has traditionally discouraged interference. Perhaps that association partly explains why the earthwork has survived at all. There is also a souterrain here, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber of early medieval date, typically used for storage or refuge, with its access opening set into the outer face of the scarp on the west-north-west side.

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