Earthwork, Bohola, Co. Mayo

Co. Mayo |

Ritual/Ceremonial

Earthwork, Bohola, Co. Mayo

Not every entry on the archaeological record turns out to be ancient.

In a stretch of wet, rush-grown pasture near Bohola in County Mayo, what was once flagged as a possible earthwork has revealed itself, on closer inspection, to be something rather more mundane and yet still quietly legible as landscape history. The remnants of rectilinear field divisions, field drains running on roughly north-northeast to south-southwest and west-northwest to east-southeast axes, and relict cultivation ridges oriented broadly east to west are all visible from the air, pressed into the ground like a faded diagram of how someone once tried to make this boggy land productive.

The site was listed in the Record of Monuments and Places in 1997 as a possible earthwork, based on features spotted in an aerial photograph. That designation carried the implicit suggestion of something older, perhaps prehistoric or early medieval in origin. Nearby, on rising ground at the southeast margin of the same area, there is a rath, a ringfort of the kind typically associated with early medieval settlement and farming in Ireland, which may have contributed to that initial impression of antiquity. The field patterns themselves, however, are now understood to relate to relatively recent land reclamation and agricultural activity rather than to any earlier period. The drainage channels and ridge-and-furrow cultivation marks are the kind of features left behind when wet marginal land is brought into use, a process that continued well into the nineteenth and twentieth centuries across the west of Ireland.

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