Ringfort (Rath), Shanaghy, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
Beneath the blackthorn scrub that chokes most of its interior, this ringfort in Shanaghy conceals something that elevates it beyond the ordinary earthwork: lintelled stone openings leading down into a souterrain.
A souterrain is an underground passage or chamber, typically constructed during the early medieval period and associated with storage, refuge, or concealment. Here, one entrance sits near the centre of the enclosure and another is set into the western bank, suggesting a deliberate and somewhat elaborate arrangement beneath what is, on the surface, a fairly battered piece of ground.
The rath itself is roughly circular, measuring about 33 metres east to west, and sits on a north-south ridge in County Mayo, making use of the natural drop of the land to the west. A stream runs along the base of that slope, approximately 120 metres away, and the townland boundary follows its course, a reminder of how prehistoric and early medieval features were woven into the administrative fabric of the landscape long after their original use had been forgotten. The earthen bank, which incorporates some stone, is best preserved along the northern and north-eastern arc, where it still stands to an external height of around 1.4 metres with a width of 3.5 to 4 metres. To the south and west it degrades considerably, thinning to a scarp and, at the south-west, merging almost imperceptibly with the natural ridge slope. What makes the site's history still harder to read is that it does not appear on the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1838 at all; only the 1931 edition records it, shown as a hachured outline. Whether it was simply overlooked in the earlier survey or had already declined to near-invisibility by that point is unclear.
A later field wall cuts across the southern half of the interior on an east-north-east to west-south-west axis, and an old trackway skirts the western side, slightly clipping the base of the bank. The ridge slope to the west has also been partly quarried away. These accumulated intrusions, each from a different era of land use, have left the rath looking considerably knocked about. The north-eastern quadrant offers the clearest ground, remaining grassy and relatively free of growth, but most of the interior is dense with scrub, and the souterrain openings, though present, are not easily inspected.