Ringfort (Rath), Shanaghy, Co. Mayo

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Ringfort (Rath), Shanaghy, Co. Mayo

The centre of this small ringfort in Shanaghy, County Mayo, is now completely impenetrable, swallowed by a dense thicket of blackthorn, hawthorn, and brambles.

Whatever once happened inside, the scrub has made it its own.

A rath is an earthen ringfort, the kind of enclosed farmstead that was built in its thousands across Ireland during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. This one sits on a north-east-facing slope of a ridge and measures somewhere between twenty and twenty-five metres in diameter. The builders faced a practical problem: the ground slopes, which would have left the interior uneven. To compensate, the eastern half of the enclosure was built up deliberately, creating a level floor within. The boundary is not uniform either. On the south-west to north arc, there is a low earthen bank, roughly two and a half to three metres wide and less than half a metre high on the interior face. On the north-north-west to south-east arc, the boundary shifts to a scarp, a natural or cut slope, rising between two and two and a half metres on the north-east side, where the hill drops away and the external slope is most pronounced. Stones are incorporated into the bank and scarp, though at least some of these appear to be field clearance material added later rather than original construction. A second enclosure of a different type sits about 270 metres to the west.

The site today is encircled by a post-and-wire fence set into the scarp, and a large quarry has moved to within a few metres of the southern edge. The combination of industrial encroachment and thorny scrub means the rath exists in a kind of suspended state, present and measurable from the outside, but closed off at its core.

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Pete F
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