Enclosure, Killedan, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
On a low, natural rise in the pastureland of Killedan, there is a place where the ground quietly refuses to lie flat.
What you are looking at, if you know where to look, is the ghost of a rath, one of the ringforts that once served as the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland. Most of the earthwork has been levelled, but a slightly raised circular area, roughly 25 metres north to south and 22.5 metres east to west, can still be traced across the grass. A stony undulation running from the south-west to the north-east marks where the enclosing bank once stood, rising to about 0.8 metres where it follows the natural slope of the rise. At the centre of that circle, the ground lifts again, very gently, in a way that catches the eye once you know to expect it.
The site appears clearly on the 1838 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, recorded as an embanked oval enclosure, and is still visible on the 1931 edition, outlined by a single ring of hachuring, the small hatched lines cartographers used to indicate an earthen bank or slope. At some point between those maps and the present, the rath was levelled, most likely through agricultural clearance. A road running roughly north to south now cuts across its eastern edge, a mundane severance that is surprisingly common with early medieval monuments that sat in otherwise workable ground. The Pollagh River runs about 200 metres to the east, a detail that would have mattered to whoever chose this spot originally, given that access to water was a practical consideration in the siting of any enclosed settlement.