Ringfort (Rath), Brackloon, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Brackloon, Co. Mayo

What makes this particular earthwork quietly arresting is not its scale but its position and the way the landscape seems to have been conscripted into its defences.

Sitting on a natural rise above a stretch of wettish pasture in Brackloon, County Mayo, the rath commands a clear view to the north-east, and whoever chose this site was making use of the ground as much as of any man-made construction. A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure dating typically from the early medieval period, used as a farmstead or place of settlement, defined and protected by earthen banks and ditches. Here, the enclosure measures approximately 30.7 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west, and its character changes as you move around the circuit.

On the south-western arc, a conventional earthen bank survives, around 2.6 metres wide and rising just over a metre on its exterior face. But around the northern and north-eastern sections, the builders relied instead on a natural scarp, which drops as much as three metres on the north side, the steep fall of the ground doing much of the work that a built bank would otherwise have done. A narrow trackway, cut into the base of that northern slope, skirts the outside of the monument, hinting at the continued use of the site long after its original occupation. On the south side, three metres out from the main circuit, there is a short isolated fragment of bank with a large boulder on its southern face; it may be a remnant of an outer defensive bank that once ringed the whole enclosure, though it could equally be the remains of a later field boundary. The probable entrance was also on the south, where the scarp is at its lowest, though no clear gap remains to confirm it.

The interior is grassy and slopes gently downward from its centre toward the south-east. A deep, irregular quarry pit, roughly ten metres across and two metres deep, has been cut through the eastern scarp and into the interior at some point, damaging the circuit on that side. The entire perimeter is thickly lined with hawthorn and ash, giving the rath a dense, enclosed quality even in winter, and making the interior feel distinctly set apart from the surrounding farmland.

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