Ringfort (Rath), Corbally, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Corbally, Co. Mayo

A quarter of this ringfort is simply missing.

Where the south-eastern arc of bank, fosse, and interior once completed the circuit, there is now a quarry cut, the earthwork sliced away at some point after the rath was built and before anyone thought to record what had been lost. A second quarry pit bites into the interior from the north-west, roughly a metre deep and several metres across. What remains is still readable as a structure, but it takes a little imagination to fill in the gaps.

Raths, the most common monument type in the Irish countryside, were typically enclosed farmsteads of the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. They consist of a raised circular platform, defined by one or more earthen banks with accompanying ditches, and would once have sheltered a household, its outbuildings, and livestock. This example in Corbally sits on gently rising ground in improved pasture, with open views to the east and south-east, the kind of aspect that early farmers valued. The surviving platform measures about 22 metres across, defined on part of its circuit by a scarp, essentially a steep earthen edge, rising to around a metre on the north-west side. Outside this, a fosse, the ditch that once ringed the whole enclosure, survives to a width of over three metres in places, and beyond that an external bank runs from the south-west around to the north. On the south side, the fosse has flattened into something closer to a terrace, and its outer edge has been absorbed into a field boundary fence, the kind of quiet co-option of ancient earthworks that happened across rural Ireland as farmland was reorganised in later centuries. Hawthorn and gorse have colonised the southern and south-western perimeter, as they tend to do on undisturbed earthworks, their roots left largely in peace. Roughly 200 metres to the south-east, a second rath sits in the same landscape, the two enclosures close enough to suggest a community of some kind, though whether they were contemporary or separated by generations is a question the ground alone cannot answer.

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Pete F
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