Ringfort (Rath), Brackloon, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Brackloon, Co. Mayo

Somebody, at some point, decided that a modest earthen ringfort on a low rise above a Mayo bog deserved the name 'High Castle'.

The gap between that name and the reality on the ground is worth sitting with. What survives at Brackloon is a roughly circular raised platform, about 31 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west, defined by a bank that has weathered down over the centuries into an earthen scarp with a low stony rim on its inner face. The exterior height reaches just under a metre at its most pronounced. It is not, by any measure, a castle. And yet the local tradition of calling it 'High Castle' points to something: a memory, however distorted, that this enclosure once carried a kind of authority in the landscape.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the standard form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically built between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the bank and ditch combination providing a degree of security for livestock and household alike. The Brackloon example sits on elevated ground with open views across bog to the north-east and south-west, a position that would have made good practical sense for anyone keeping watch over grazing animals or monitoring movement across the wetland. What makes this particular rath a little more interesting than its weathered profile suggests is what lies beneath the interior. A souterrain has been recorded here, an underground passage or chamber typically cut from stone and roofed with lintels, often interpreted as a place of storage, refuge, or concealment. The grassy interior also preserves faint traces of cultivation ridges running roughly east to west, the ghost of some later agricultural use. One arc of the original bank, running from the south-south-west to the north-west, was at some stage absorbed into a field fence that is noticeably more substantial than the rath bank itself, suggesting the boundary was still considered useful long after the ringfort's original purpose had been forgotten. A small quarry pit sits just to the south of the enclosure, its relationship to the rath unclear but its proximity suggestive.

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Pete F
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