House - 16th/17th century, Castlemagarretpark New, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
House
In the townland of Castlemagarretpark New in County Mayo, the remains of a house dating to the sixteenth or seventeenth century have been recorded and classified as a monument, quietly occupying a landscape that has seen considerable change in the centuries since it was built.
The designation alone raises questions. A domestic structure from this period, surviving well enough to be catalogued, points to a time when the west of Ireland was undergoing profound disruption, caught between the older Gaelic order and the encroachments of plantation-era settlement and administration.
The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in Connacht were a period of considerable upheaval. The Composition of Connacht in 1585 attempted to regularise land ownership across the province, converting Gaelic chieftains into landholders under English law, and the subsequent decades brought further displacement through plantation and the Cromwellian settlements of the 1650s. Houses built or occupied during this span might belong to any number of social worlds, from the residences of Gaelic lords adapting to new legal frameworks, to the fortified homes of incoming settlers. Without further detail about the structure itself, its precise form remains uncertain, though buildings of this era in the region often ranged from simple rectangular structures in the vernacular tradition to more substantial tower houses or defended residences with associated bawn walls, the latter being an enclosed courtyard intended to protect livestock and inhabitants alike.