Enclosure, Rathfran, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
On a ridge top in Rathfran, County Mayo, two grass-covered enclosures sit side by side in open pasture, neither of them appearing on Ordnance Survey maps from 1838 or 1922.
That absence alone is quietly puzzling. The more westerly of the pair is roughly penannular, meaning it forms almost but not quite a complete circle, about 16 metres in diameter. On its northern and eastern sides it is defined by an inward-facing scarp, a kind of cut into the raised ground, while the remaining arc consists of a low earth-and-stone bank with a flattened top and relatively vertical sides. A wide gap of around 9 metres opens the enclosure to the northwest. Inside, at the foot of the scarp, a very shallow depression hints at a possible ditch that can be traced from north to southeast. The ground within is level and sits flush with the exterior at the point of the gap, giving the whole thing an oddly open, almost domestic quality.
The surrounding landscape adds further texture to the puzzle. Roughly 5 metres to the north, a low linear field bank runs nearly the full width of the modern field, and a fragmentary second bank runs parallel to it, the two together suggesting the flanking edges of a trackway about 4.5 to 5 metres wide. To the south and southeast, a discrete grid of small rectilinear fields steps down the steep slope of the ridge, their orientation sitting at a clear angle to the large rectangular walled fields that dominate the area today. About 140 metres to the north, a field recorded as "Fair Green" on both the 1838 and 1922 maps preserves a name associated in Ireland with outdoor markets, gatherings, and fairs. Whether that name has any functional connection to the enclosures is unknown. The enclosures differ enough in their construction from the ringforts typical of this part of Mayo, those early medieval farmstead enclosures so common across the Irish countryside, that they may belong to the post-medieval period instead, though their precise date and purpose remain unresolved.
