Enclosure, Formoyle, Co. Clare

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Formoyle, Co. Clare

On the south-western slopes of Gleninagh Mountain in County Clare, there is a site that exists more convincingly on paper than it does in the ground.

Cartographers recorded a circular enclosure here, roughly 33 metres across, on the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps of 1842 and again on the revised edition of 1915. By the time anyone went to look for it properly, in 1997, there was nothing left to see at ground level.

Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape. They are broadly understood as the remains of enclosed farmsteads, most often dating to the early medieval period, though some are older. The hachure marks used by nineteenth-century surveyors to indicate earthwork banks and ditches suggest that something was still legible in the landscape when the 1842 map was made, even if faintly so. The site occupies what the surveyors would have considered a prominent position, on the western edge of a terrace of rough grazing overlooking the Caher Valley and the river running through it. That kind of elevated, outward-facing placement is fairly typical of enclosures from this period, combining visibility across the surrounding terrain with access to agricultural land below. What erased the physical remains entirely is not recorded. Ploughing, clearance, or simply the slow subsidence of earthen banks into the surrounding soil are all possibilities, none of them unusual in a landscape that has been worked for millennia.

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