Penitential station, Ballyshanny, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Holy Sites & Wells
In the pasture at Ballyshanny, Co. Clare, a low knoll holds a loose tumble of stones that most walkers would pass without a second glance.
What they would be passing is a penitential station, a site used in Irish popular devotion for the performance of prescribed prayers and circuits, often barefoot, as an act of penance. This one is subcircular in plan, roughly 6.5 metres north to south and 5 metres east to west, and rises to about 0.9 metres. It is composed of large unworked stones and smaller blocks, with moss-covered stones gathered at the centre. There is no formal kerbing or revetting to give it the tidy definition you might expect of a deliberately constructed monument, which is part of what makes it difficult to read.
The identification of the site is itself uncertain, and that uncertainty is part of its interest. A Russian researcher named Kaftannikov, writing between 1953 and 1957, noted a heap of stones in the area that surrounded the well-cut socket stone of a cross, the kind of shaped stone made to receive and hold an upright cross in place. It is possible the present tumble of stones is that same feature. But there is a second candidate nearby: a small circular area about 2.7 metres in diameter, sitting 7.5 metres to the north-east at the highest point of the knoll. This second feature is more formally defined, with large grass-covered blocks set on edge as a kerb or retaining wall and the interior filled with loose stones. This could represent the base, plinth, or socket that once supported the cross itself. The two features may relate to the same act of devotion, or they may record different phases of use across a site that was never static. The knoll itself sits within a large multiperiod field system, suggesting the landscape around it accumulated meaning over a very long span of time.