Kiln - corn-drying, Solsborough, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Kilns

Kiln – corn-drying, Solsborough, Co. Tipperary

At a site in Solsborough, County Tipperary, the ground holds the faint outlines of five small kilns used to dry grain sometime in the early medieval period.

Corn-drying kilns, a common feature of Early Christian Ireland, were shallow, often stone-lined structures used to parch cereal crops before milling or storage, preventing them from spoiling in the damp Irish climate. What makes these particular kilns quietly remarkable is not their function but their age: radiocarbon dating places one of them firmly within living memory of Saint Columba.

The kilns were uncovered in 2000 during an excavation led by archaeologist Donald Murphy. Three of them were concentrated in the north-east quadrant of the site, and all were keyhole-shaped, a form typical of the period, with a long flue leading into a rounded bowl where the grain would have rested above a slow fire. The excavation returned dense deposits of charcoal and oxidised clay, the physical residue of repeated firings over what may have been many generations of use. At the base of one kiln, a fragment of timber was recovered, and a charcoal sample drawn from it was dated by radiocarbon analysis to between AD 563 and 659. That window sits squarely within what historians call the Early Christian period in Ireland, a time when monasticism was spreading across the country and small farming communities were establishing themselves in the landscape. Alongside the kilns, the excavation exposed three ditches, three hearths, and a spread of material suggesting a broader settlement, the kilns being just one working part of a larger domestic or communal arrangement.

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