Mass-rock, Ballypatrick, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Holy Sites & Wells
In a pasture field on a south-facing slope in County Tipperary, a low slab of red sandstone sits close against a field boundary, worn smooth across its top surface and holding a shallow pool of rainwater in a slight hollow.
It is just over a metre long and stands less than a metre high, unremarkable at a glance, and yet it served a very specific and dangerous purpose. This is a mass-rock, one of the improvised altars used by Catholic priests to celebrate Mass in secret during the Penal Law era, when the public practice of Catholicism was suppressed under successive pieces of legislation enacted from the late seventeenth century onward. Clergy who were caught faced severe penalties, and congregations gathered outdoors, often in remote or sheltered spots, using whatever flat stone was available as a makeshift altar.
The ground this stone occupies carries an older sanctity still. Writing in 1908, a scholar named Power recorded that the field itself was known locally as the 'Field of the Early Church Site' and was regarded as sacred to St. Bearachan, pointing to a tradition of religious use that may predate the mass-rock by many centuries. The stone bears no inscription, so there is nothing on its surface to confirm or date what happened there, only the wear on the top face and that water-filled depression, the kind of hollow that forms gradually with use and weathering. What makes the spot stranger still is what sits nearby. Less than a metre away is a bullaun stone, a boulder or slab with one or more deliberately ground hollows, which are found across early medieval Irish ecclesiastical sites and are often associated with saints' cults and folk ritual. Alongside that is a stone cross. Three objects, each from a potentially different period, gathered on a slope beside a quiet stream, in a field whose name remembers a church that no longer exists.