Killeen Grave Yard, Camus, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Burial Grounds
On a low ridge above the flood plain of the River Suir near Camus in County Tipperary, there is a field where a graveyard used to be.
By the mid-1980s, land reclamation work had removed all visible traces of it. During that work, quantities of stone and human bones were uncovered and then, apparently, absorbed into the improved pasture. What had been a burial ground, and before that a functioning church site, became ordinary farmland.
By 1840, when Ordnance Survey officers were compiling their Letters, a detailed series of topographical and antiquarian notes on Irish parishes, the graveyard had already fallen out of general use. The one exception noted at the time was its continued function as a children's burial ground, a killeen. Killeens, from the Irish word for a small church, were informal unconsecrated plots where unbaptised infants were traditionally interred, set apart from the main parish cemetery. The association here with a nearby church site suggests a longer history of ecclesiastical use on the ridge. As late as 1982, a researcher named Cahill described the place as a site of a church and disused graveyard enclosed by a barely visible sub-rectangular earthwork, the earthwork itself consisting of scarps, fosses, and levelled banks arranged around an inner area roughly 28 metres by 10 metres, all within a larger outer enclosure measuring approximately 102 metres by 58 metres. A fosse is a defensive or boundary ditch, and the layered arrangement here, inner enclosure within outer enclosure, is typical of early ecclesiastical sites in Ireland where the sacred precinct was physically demarcated from the surrounding landscape.
Within a decade of Cahill's description, even that barely visible evidence had gone. The bones and stone uncovered during reclamation were not, as far as the record shows, preserved or formally documented at the time. The ridge survives, and the flood plain still stretches to the north and west, but the site itself exists now mainly as a set of measurements and a short account of its own disappearance.