Ringfort (Rath), Ballynagalliagh, Co. Sligo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynagalliagh, Co. Sligo

What survives at Ballynagalliagh is a ringfort that has been quarried from the inside out.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, are roughly circular enclosures defined by earthen banks and ditches, built predominantly during the early medieval period as farmsteads or defended homesteads. This one sits on a gentle south-facing slope in upland pasture, its circular plan still readable at roughly 26 metres in diameter. What makes it quietly unsettling is the large rectangular pit, some 28 metres north to south and 14 metres east to west, that now occupies the entire eastern half of the interior. This relic quarry hole, up to 1.6 metres deep in places, has eaten through the internal bank and continued outward across the fosse and the external bank to the south-east, effectively dismantling a significant portion of the monument from within.

The structure itself follows the classic rath arrangement: a raised circular area enclosed by an earthen and stone bank, with a fosse, or ditch, running along its outer foot, and a further external bank beyond that. Though both the internal and external banks are now low and denuded, their dimensions are still measurable, the internal bank running between 5.1 and 5.5 metres wide. Two possible entrances have been identified: a 3.5-metre break in the internal bank to the north-north-east, with a corresponding but slightly offset break in the external bank, and a wider 6.5-metre gap in the internal bank to the south-south-west. The offset alignment of the northern entrance is a detail worth noting; it is a feature occasionally seen in rath design, possibly serving a defensive or livestock-management function. At what point the quarrying took place, and for what purpose the material was removed, the record does not say, but the scale of extraction suggests something more than casual stone-robbing.

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