Ringfort (Rath), Fortland, Co. Sligo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Fortland, Co. Sligo

On a gentle north-east-facing slope in County Sligo, a circular rise in a pasture field is all that immediately signals something older underfoot.

The raised area measures twenty-four metres across, enclosed by a bank of earth and stone roughly four and a half metres wide, though it rises only about forty centimetres above the interior. Outside that bank, a fosse, the shallow defensive ditch that typically accompanied these enclosures, survives in part as a darker band of grass visible along the north-east to south-east arc of the site, vanishing entirely elsewhere.

This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval monument in the country. Ringforts served primarily as enclosed farmsteads, their banks and ditches marking out a defended space for a family, their livestock, and their outbuildings, generally during the period from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. This particular example has not escaped the quiet attrition that has diminished so many of its kind. Livestock traffic and modern field clearance have eroded the bank around most of its circuit, and the original entrance can no longer be identified. On the south-west side of the interior, pressed against the inner face of the bank, a small circular depression about eight metres across and thirty-five centimetres deep marks where a modern quarry has been cut into the site, removing material that once formed part of the enclosure itself.

What remains is subtle rather than dramatic: a low, rounded earthwork that rewards patient looking. The fosse, where it is still legible as that change in grass colour along the north-east to south-east sweep, gives the clearest sense of the original form. The place-name Fortland preserves a memory of the structure even as the structure itself continues to recede into the field.

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