Enclosure, Pigeonstown, Co. Offaly

Co. Offaly |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Pigeonstown, Co. Offaly

On a north-facing slope in County Offaly, a roughly circular earthwork sits in a state of partial ruin, its purpose unrecorded and its original form now only guessable from what survives.

The enclosure at Pigeonstown is about 29.2 metres across from east to west, defined by a bank that still stands to an external height of around two metres along the western, northern, and eastern arcs, though internally it rises only about half a metre above the enclosed ground. The southern portion of the bank is gone entirely, not through gradual decay but through deliberate removal, and the centre of the enclosure has been dug out by quarrying. What remains is a site that has been substantially eaten into by human activity, leaving just enough of its outline to confirm that something was once here.

Enclosures of this general type, a raised bank forming a roughly circular boundary, appear throughout Ireland and can belong to very different periods and functions, from prehistoric settlement enclosures to early medieval ringforts, which were typically the farmsteads of free farmers. This particular example offers few clues. There is no evidence of an entrance feature, and no external fosse, the term used for a ditch dug alongside a bank to deepen the barrier and provide material for its construction. The absence of a fosse is notable, since many earthwork enclosures were built with bank and ditch working together. Whether that feature was never present here, or was removed along with the southern bank to accommodate the quarry, is impossible to say from what survives. The site sits on a high east-west ridge, which would have given good visibility across the surrounding landscape, though whether that was a factor in its original siting remains unknown.

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