Ringfort, Derrynagarragh, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On a low hill in County Westmeath, there is an ancient settlement that you cannot see.
No bank survives, no ditch, no trace of stonework. The ringfort at Derrynagarragh has been levelled so completely that walking across the site would give no indication whatsoever that people once enclosed and defended a homestead there, probably somewhere in the early medieval period when such structures were the dominant form of rural settlement across Ireland.
A ringfort, in its typical form, consisted of a roughly circular area defined by one or more earthen banks and an external fosse, or ditch, the upcast soil from the digging forming the raised perimeter. The example at Derrynagarragh was approximately 39 metres across on its east-west axis, placing it in the mid-range for such monuments. It appears on the 1911 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a circular feature, and an Office of Public Works field report from 1967 still recorded a bank and external fosse at that time. At some point after that inspection the earthworks were removed entirely, most likely by agricultural activity.
What makes the site quietly compelling now is that the monument, invisible on the ground, remains legible from the air. A cropmark of the levelled structure is clearly visible on a Digital Globe aerial photograph taken in November 2011. Cropmarks form when buried features affect the moisture or nutrient content of the soil above them, causing overlying crops or grasses to grow differently, and in the right conditions of drought or low growth they can reveal the precise outline of structures that vanished from the surface generations ago. A related earthwork survives approximately 190 metres to the south, offering at least some physical sense of what this class of monument once looked like before time and farming reduced its neighbour to a shadow legible only from altitude.