Ringfort (Rath), Fennor, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Fennor, Co. Westmeath

Most ringforts, the circular enclosed farmsteads that once dotted early medieval Ireland in their tens of thousands, are modest in scale and legible in the landscape.

The example at Fennor in County Westmeath was neither modest nor, any longer, especially legible. When surveyors examined it in 1975, it measured roughly 54 metres north to south, making it unusually large by the standards of the type. It sat on the crest of a long, irregular ridge in grassland, its low earth and stone bank following the natural contour of the high ground rather than sitting above it in the conventional way. The result was something slightly counterintuitive: the interior of the enclosure stood higher than the top of the bank itself, because the builders had essentially wrapped the earthwork around the ridge top rather than raising a mound. A shallow external fosse, a defensive ditch dug outside the bank, completed the circuit, and a possible entrance gap about two and a half metres wide faced the east-northeast.

By the time aerial photography caught up with the site in November 2011, the picture had changed considerably. A field boundary fence running north to south had already bisected the interior at some point after 1837, and the monument appears to have been levelled along with that field boundary. What had been a substantial, if low-lying, earthwork was by then visible only as a cropmark, the kind of ghost outline that shows up in dry conditions when buried features affect how grass or crops grow above them. The site sits in good agricultural country, with open views to the north and east, the road marking the boundary with the neighbouring townland of Battstown lying about 170 metres to the east. Fennor Castle stands roughly 435 metres to the west, a reminder that this stretch of Westmeath carried significance across several different periods.

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