Cave, Skeagh More, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Settlement Sites
On the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1837, a small circular feature roughly seven metres across is marked in the fields of Skeagh More and labelled, simply, "Cave".
What cartographers recorded there was almost certainly a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber typically built during the early medieval period and used for storage or refuge. By 1971, whoever went looking found nothing: the site was described as inaccessible, with no visible trace of any structure above ground. Today it does not appear at all in aerial photography. The map annotation is, in effect, the last clear record of something that has quietly ceased to exist at the surface.
The landscape around it, however, is dense with related archaeology. Roughly 230 metres to the north-west lie the remains of a church, an abbey, and a possible ogham stone, ogham being an early medieval script in which letters are represented by notches and strokes cut along the edge of a stone. The souterrain at Skeagh More sits on the demesne lands of Oldtown House, just inside the townland boundary with Corkan, and it is not alone of its kind in the immediate area: a second souterrain lies about 300 metres to the north-east, and another, also annotated "Cave" on historical maps, sits some 375 metres to the west. That clustering of underground features around a nucleus of ecclesiastical remains suggests a settled, organised early medieval community rather than isolated activity. More intriguingly, aerial photography has revealed a roughly oval cropmark just to the west of the townland boundary, which may be the ghost of a levelled ringfort, a circular enclosed settlement, once associated with the souterrain. Cropmarks of this kind appear when buried features affect the growth of surface vegetation differently from the surrounding soil, becoming visible only from above and only under the right conditions.