Ringfort (Rath), Calliaghstown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On a south-west facing slope in the Westmeath townland of Calliaghstown, there is nothing much to see.
That, in a way, is the point. A ringfort once occupied this ground, a circular earthwork enclosure of the kind built across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically serving as a farmstead enclosed by an earthen bank and ditch. By some point between 1966 and 1970, it had been levelled entirely. What remains today is not a monument but an absence, legible only as a faint band of differential grass growth, a slightly clayey strip about two and a half metres wide where the fosse, the surrounding ditch, was filled in. The soil, disturbed during the levelling, still yields fragments of charcoal and bone.
The site had a longer decline than a sudden one. The 1837 Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded a roughly oval enclosure, approximately 42 metres north to south and 37 metres east to west, with a townland boundary cutting through its western side. The OS Fair Plan map of the same year showed something more suggestive: a circular enclosure with a small circular feature at its centre, possibly the outline of a house site. By the time the revised 25-inch map was produced in 1913, the monument had already begun to lose definition, depicted then as a penannular earthwork, that is, a near-complete ring open on one side, with the eastern edge apparently missing. A field inspection in 1963 described it as an old farmyard, a rather nondescript enclosure roughly 43 paces across, with the uphill end undefined and the lower south-western end banked up with small field stones to create a level space. Square building foundations, each side about nine or ten paces, sat at the centre. It was not dramatic, but it was still there. A second ringfort survives approximately 80 metres to the south-east, a reminder of how densely such sites were once distributed across this landscape.