Ringfort (Rath), Irishtown, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Irishtown, Co. Westmeath

What survives here is a monument that has been quietly argued over by the landscape for centuries.

Sitting atop a low but distinct rise in gently undulating Westmeath pasture, this ringfort commands good views to the north, east, and south, which was almost certainly the point. Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads of the early medieval period, typically defended by one or more earthen banks with a ditch, called a fosse, dug between them. When a site has two such concentric banks and ditches, it is described as bivallate, a feature sometimes associated with higher-status occupants.

By the time a formal description was recorded in 1972, the site was already much disturbed. The roughly oval enclosure measures approximately 39.4 metres north to south and 31.7 metres east to west, and would once have presented two earthen banks with an intervening fosse. The inner bank survives best along its southern and south-western arc, where the scarp still rises to around 1.9 metres, but elsewhere it has been reduced or eaten away entirely by quarrying, which removed substantial sections to the east and west. The 1837 Ordnance Survey six-inch map shows the enclosure already sharing its field with a quarry hole immediately to its east, so the damage was well under way by then. Later agricultural tidying has incorporated a modern field bank into the northern and western perimeter, effectively disguising part of the original circuit. Inside, the ground rises slightly towards the centre, and faint cultivation ridges running roughly north-north-west to south-south-east are still traceable, suggesting the interior was turned over to farming at some point after the fort fell out of use. A second field boundary to the south-west was at least laid out to respect the monument's edge rather than cut through it, a small act of deference across what may be more than a thousand years.

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