Ringfort (Rath), Wardenstown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
What makes this particular earthwork quietly odd is not so much what it is as what it has managed to avoid.
The Ordnance Survey mapped Ireland in exhaustive detail during the 1830s, and again in the early twentieth century, yet neither the 1837 six-inch edition nor the revised 1913 twenty-five-inch map shows any trace of this ringfort in Wardenstown. Its existence was, however, recorded on an estate map of Wardenstown held in the National Library of Ireland, which depicted a circular earthwork at the site. That discrepancy, between the careful eye of a local estate surveyor and the apparent blindness of two national mapping exercises, is enough to give the place a faintly elusive quality.
A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, built primarily during the early medieval period as a farmstead for a single family and its livestock. This example sits on a low rise about 180 metres west of the River Deel, set in undulating pasture with open views in every direction, close to a second ringfort lying roughly 90 metres to the north. When the monument was described in 1980, it presented as an oval earthwork measuring approximately 39 metres east to west and 31 metres north to south. Even then it was poorly preserved: the enclosing bank survived with reasonable clarity only along the east to south-south-east arc, while the rest had been reduced to a low scarp, the kind of slight ground-level ridge that is easy to miss underfoot but resolves clearly from above. No entrance could be identified. The perimeter had been quarried away along the north-east to east, and the interior showed evidence of digging at the western and south-western edges, leaving two depressions. Old cultivation ridges run roughly north to south across the interior, mirrored by similar ridges in the field immediately to the west, suggesting the enclosed area was at some point turned over to tillage, which will have accelerated the erosion of whatever bank once stood around it. An outer scarp visible beyond the perimeter to the north and east may indicate a more complex original layout, though whether it belongs to the same monument remains uncertain.