Hut site, Downs, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Settlement Sites

Hut site, Downs, Co. Westmeath

On the summit of a high ridge in the undulating grassland of County Westmeath, a set of grass-covered wall footings sits quietly inside a much older enclosure.

What makes the spot unusual is the layering: a rectangular house site occupying the centre of a bivallate ringfort, that is, a ringfort defined by two concentric banks and ditches rather than the single circuit more commonly encountered across Ireland. The dwelling was built, or at least positioned, within a pre-existing defended enclosure, suggesting the site was reused across different periods, each generation finding some reason to favour this particular rise of ground.

The ringfort itself commands views in all directions, which would have made it a practical choice for whoever first raised its banks. Ringforts were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated buildings. The rectangular house site visible at the centre of this one, with its low footings still legible beneath the turf, represents a domestic structure of the kind that would have sheltered a family, their livestock arrangements managed within or just outside the enclosure. A second possible hut site can be made out along the inside of the bank in the north-north-west quadrant, suggesting the interior may have held more than one structure at some point in its occupation.

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