Burnt mound, Cushenstown, Co. Wexford

Co. Wexford |

Ritual/Ceremonial

Burnt mound, Cushenstown, Co. Wexford

In a field at Cushenstown in County Wexford, there is a low mound that only really shows itself when a plough turns the soil.

What emerges is a scatter of broken and fire-cracked stone spread across a roughly oval area measuring eighteen metres by fifteen, rising no more than twenty centimetres above the surrounding ground. It is easy to miss entirely, and for most of the year it probably is.

What lies beneath is a burnt mound, a type of prehistoric site found across Ireland and Britain, typically dating to the Bronze Age. The general interpretation is that these accumulations of heat-shattered stone are the debris of a cooking or heating process, in which stones were fired and then plunged into a water-filled trough to bring it rapidly to the boil. Repeated heating and sudden cooling causes the stones to fracture, and over time the discarded fragments pile up into exactly the kind of low, spread mound visible at Cushenstown. The site sits on a gentle east-facing slope, a positioning that may reflect a preference for proximity to a reliable water source, since running water was essential to the process. Hundreds of such mounds are recorded across County Wexford alone, yet each one represents repeated, organised activity by people who returned to the same spot, for reasons, whether culinary, ritual, or industrial, that remain a matter of debate among archaeologists.

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Pete F
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