Windmill Stumps, Townparks, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Kilns
A masonry pillar barely a metre across and three metres tall, set at the corner of a small green on the crest of a north-facing slope, carries a limestone plaque with a partially legible inscription: 'Corporation boundary site of south…… old windmill'.
The ellipsis is not editorial shorthand; the text is genuinely worn away, leaving the name of the mill unrecoverable. It is the kind of monument that raises more questions than it answers, and that is before you consider what once surrounded it.
A 1772 map by Valency, thought to be based on a now-lost Down Survey map of the mid-seventeenth century, marks no fewer than sixteen windmills at Townparks in St. John's parish. The Down Survey, conducted under William Petty in the 1650s as part of the Cromwellian land redistribution, was the first systematic mapping of Ireland, and where its originals have not survived, later copies occasionally preserve details that would otherwise be lost entirely. By the time the Ordnance Survey produced its six-inch map in 1839, only two windmill stumps remained visible on that same small green. The concentration of sixteen mills in a single parish is remarkable; Wexford's coastal position and the prevailing winds off the Irish Sea made it well suited to wind-powered grain milling, but sixteen in one townland suggests an industry operating at a scale that has left almost no other trace. A second stump survives roughly fifty metres to the north-east, which means the two recorded on the 1839 map are both still, in some form, present.