Graveyard, Glebe, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Burial Grounds
A fortified parish church is already a curious thing, a reminder that medieval religious life in Ireland was not always conducted in peaceful seclusion.
At Glebe in County Wexford, the tower of Kilmannan church survives within a walled rectangular graveyard, roughly fifty metres east to west and thirty metres north to south, set into the valley of a small stream that runs just twenty metres to the west. The fortification of parish churches was not unusual in the medieval Irish landscape, where towers served as places of refuge and surveillance as much as spiritual elevation, but what makes this particular site quietly worth attention is the cluster of objects associated with it, each one belonging to a different register of time and belief.
Two small crosses, cut from a distinctive green stone, stand just south of the church tower inside the graveyard, recorded by Catherine McLoughlin in 2020. Across the road, around forty metres to the south-west, sits a bullaun stone. A bullaun is a rounded depression deliberately hollowed into a rock, often found near early ecclesiastical sites; the water that collects in them was traditionally held to have curative or ritual properties, and their presence frequently signals a site with roots older than the medieval church built nearby. The separation of the bullaun from the graveyard proper, placed on the far side of a public road in an ordinary field, gives it an oddly displaced quality, as though the land itself absorbed the boundary shifts of successive centuries without quite discarding anything. Archaeological testing carried out to the north-east of the graveyard wall found nothing directly related to the site, which leaves the question of what lies beneath and around it largely open.