Ringfort (Rath), Haggard, Co. Wexford

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Haggard, Co. Wexford

Some of the most intriguing early medieval sites in Ireland are ones you cannot walk around or even easily see from the ground.

At Haggard in County Wexford, a ringfort survives not as an earthen bank or a wall but as a cropmark, a ghostly circular outline revealed only when viewed from the air. Crops growing above buried features such as ditches tend to ripen at different rates than those in the surrounding soil, creating faint colour differences that become legible in aerial photographs but are invisible to anyone standing in the field.

The site sits on the crest of a gentle south-east facing slope, a position typical of ringforts, which are the most common archaeological monument type in Ireland and date broadly to the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. They functioned as enclosed farmsteads, their circular boundaries defined by an earthen bank and an outer ditch. At Haggard, that ditch, known as a fosse, is the only surviving trace, and even it is incomplete. Aerial photographs taken in 2000 and 2001 show a circular area roughly forty metres in diameter, but the fosse is slightly cut across at its south-eastern edge by a north-east to south-west road, suggesting that whatever once defined the enclosure at ground level has long since been levelled, leaving only the buried ditch to betray the site's presence to cameras overhead.

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