Ringfort (Rath), Quitchery Little, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Ringforts
In a field in Quitchery Little, County Wexford, a settlement that probably housed an early medieval farming family for generations has all but vanished into the soil.
It survives now only as a cropmark, the kind of faint circular shadow that appears in aerial photographs when dry summers stress the vegetation growing above a buried ditch. A rath, as this type of ringfort is known in Irish usage, was essentially a circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and a surrounding ditch, or fosse, within which a household and its outbuildings would have stood. Thousands were built across Ireland, mostly between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries, and this example in Wexford is a quietly instructive case of how thoroughly one can disappear.
The enclosure is approximately 40 metres in diameter, defined by a single fosse that a farm lane has clipped slightly at the south. Aerial photographs first revealed the cropmark, and a magnetic gradiometer survey carried out by G. Dowling in 2022 confirmed what the photographs suggested. A gradiometer survey works by detecting subtle variations in the magnetic properties of buried soil and features, allowing archaeologists to map what lies underground without lifting a spade. That survey found the fosse to be around 3 metres wide, though the eastern and south-eastern arc has largely disappeared. A narrow inner trench runs parallel to the fosse on its inner side, about 5 metres in from the edge, between the south-west and north-west. Beyond the enclosure itself, a ditch extends roughly 40 metres to the north-east, joining a network of north-west to south-east ditches that may form a field system contemporary with the rath, suggesting the surrounding land was organised and farmed at the same period. Further ditches recorded to the west, spaced some 30 to 45 metres apart on a north-south alignment, may belong to the same system or to a later reorganisation of the landscape.