Ecclesiastical enclosure, Askinvillar, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Ecclesiastical Sites
On a gently sloping field at the foot of the Blackstairs Mountains in County Wexford, a circular early Christian settlement leaves its mark on the land only when a plough passes through it.
What surfaces in those moments is a band of disturbed subsoil tracing the curve of an enclosure roughly 70 metres across, the ghost of a boundary that once defined a small religious community. The enclosure is older and larger than the graveyard that eventually replaced it as the visible centre of the site, and the saint to whom it was dedicated has been entirely forgotten.
By 1839, when the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map was drawn, what remained visible above ground had contracted considerably. The map shows a circular graveyard of around 40 metres in diameter, with a church building marked inside it. This kind of layout, a circular or oval enclosure surrounding a church and burial ground, is characteristic of early medieval Irish ecclesiastical settlements, where the boundary itself carried spiritual and legal significance, separating sacred ground from the surrounding landscape. The larger 70-metre enclosure now only betrays itself as cropmark or soilmark during tillage, meaning much of its original extent goes unseen for years at a time. Just outside the enclosure to the north-north-west lies the site of St. Doran's Well, a holy well whose dedication preserves a name that has otherwise slipped from any written record connected to the place. Holy wells in Ireland were frequently associated with the founding saint of a nearby church or monastery, and their presence just beyond the enclosure boundary was common, marking a threshold between ordinary land and sacred space.