Ecclesiastical enclosure, Tooracurragh, Co. Waterford
Co. Waterford |
Ecclesiastical Sites
On a gentle north-facing slope in County Waterford, the outline of an early Christian enclosure survives in a form that rewards careful looking. The church at its centre has long since collapsed into a low grassy mound, roughly twenty metres across and barely half a metre high, but the oval that once enclosed the whole sacred precinct, measuring approximately 165 metres north to south and 115 metres east to west, is still legible in the landscape as a combination of curved field banks, a low scarp, and a wide outer berm. Ecclesiastical enclosures of this kind, roughly circular or oval boundaries that once defined the sacred and domestic territory of an early Irish monastic or church site, are among the most common yet most overlooked features of the Irish countryside. At Tooracurragh, the enclosure survives only partially, with one section of the defining bank destroyed, but the overall shape remains readable.
What makes the site more than a subtle earthwork is the stone that once stood at its centre. An ogham stone, ogham being the early medieval script in which letters are represented by notches and strokes cut along the edge of a standing pillar, was removed from the central structure around 1880 and taken to a nearby farmhouse. Reverend P. Power, writing in 1923 in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, identified it as an early inscribed pillar, and P. Lyons returned to the subject in 1946, referring to it as the stone of Formach in the Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society. The name Formach carried in the inscription connects the stone to a named individual from the early Christian period, though the precise reading and its implications belong to the world of specialist epigraphy rather than easy summary. The removal of the stone to a farmhouse sometime in the late nineteenth century was a common enough fate for such monuments, rescued from the field but displaced from the context that gave them meaning.
