House - early medieval, Graigueadrisly, Co. Laois
Co. Laois |
House
On a ridge in Graigueadrisly, County Laois, a barely perceptible earthen bank traces the outline of a house that was already ancient when the Normans arrived in Ireland.
The structure sits inside a ringfort, the circular enclosure that served as a farmstead and defensive boundary for early medieval Irish families, and its dimensions, roughly 16.2 metres long and 5 metres wide, suggest a building of some substance rather than a simple shelter. What is quietly strange about this particular site is how close it came to slipping entirely from the record. It appears on the 1908 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, and seemingly nowhere else, which means that for most of the twentieth century the outline of this early medieval house existed on a single sheet of cartographic paper while the low bank itself settled further into the grass of the ridge.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths, are among the most common surviving monument types in Ireland, with tens of thousands recorded across the island. They were typically the enclosed homesteads of farming families during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, and a house foundation found within one speaks directly to the domestic life of that era. The rectangular shape here is worth noting. Early medieval Irish houses were often circular or sub-circular, so a long rectangular plan can indicate a particular period, a particular status, or a structural tradition influenced by contact with other building cultures. The earthen bank that defines the outline is low enough now to be easily overlooked, but it preserves the footprint of walls that once framed ordinary life, hearth smoke, sleeping, the storage of grain, the keeping of animals close by in winter.