Gateway, Dublin South City, Co. Dublin
Co. Dublin |
Utility Structures
Somewhere beneath the pavement of Whitefriar Street in Dublin's south city lies a medieval gateway that nobody has been able to precisely locate.
It belongs, at least on paper, to the record of a Carmelite friary that once occupied this part of the city, and it survives only as a notation on scholarly maps and a single documentary reference from the late fifteenth century. No foundations have been confirmed, no stonework identified. The gateway exists, for now, as a gap in the historical record rather than a gap in a wall.
What the sources do establish is modest but suggestive. A document from 1496, cited in H.B. Clarke's Irish Historic Towns Atlas, refers to a new gate near the house of the Carmelite friars, the order of mendicant monks who had established their friary in this part of medieval Dublin. The Carmelites, a religious order with roots in the Holy Land, were among several such communities whose precincts shaped the layout of the medieval city beyond its main walled core. A gate associated with a friary would have marked the boundary of that precinct, controlling access to the religious enclosure within. Its approximate position was plotted on the Friends of Medieval Dublin Map in 1978 and again on Clarke's atlas map covering the city from around 840 to around 1540, but approximate is the operative word. Bradley and King's 1987 survey acknowledged frankly that the precise location had not been identified.
Whitefriar Street today is a busy southside thoroughfare, most readily associated with the Catholic church of the same name, which is itself a later successor to that Carmelite presence. The current church, rebuilt in the nineteenth century, draws visitors for its own reasons, including a relic associated with Saint Valentine. For anyone drawn instead by the medieval layer underneath all of this, the Irish Historic Towns Atlas, published by the Royal Irish Academy, is the most useful reference. It maps the conjectured geography of the medieval city in careful detail. The gateway itself may never be confirmed on the ground, but the atlas at least allows a reader to stand on Whitefriar Street and make an informed guess about where a friary entrance once stood.