Ringfort, Ballybrack, Co. Dublin
Co. Dublin |
Ringforts
Somewhere on the lower slopes of Two Rock Mountain, beside the northern bank of the Glencullen River, there is a ringfort that no longer exists to the eye.
Not ruined, not overgrown, simply gone from the surface, absorbed into improved agricultural land until nothing remains at ground level to suggest it was ever there. What makes it linger in the record is an unusual detail of its original form: it was not a single enclosure but two, joined together in a figure-of-eight arrangement, a configuration uncommon enough to make its disappearance feel like a particular loss.
Ringforts, roughly circular enclosures defined by an earthen bank and ditch, were the dominant settlement type in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from around the fifth to the twelfth centuries and serving as farmsteads for individual families or small communities. Most occur as single enclosures, which makes the double or conjoined form worth noting. This site at Ballybrack, in the Glencullen valley of south County Dublin, is recorded on the 1843 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as two conjoined enclosures, with the northern enclosure estimated at roughly twenty metres in diameter and the southern at roughly thirty. The local name for the area, the Old Glencullen House, was noted by Healy in 1975, suggesting a long-standing folk memory of the site as a place of former habitation, even as its physical remains were being erased. The record was compiled by Geraldine Stout and Padraig Clancy.
For anyone curious enough to visit the area, the honest position is that there is nothing to see at the precise location of the fort itself. The land has been improved, a term that in an archaeological context carries a certain melancholy, meaning ploughed, levelled, or otherwise worked in ways that have removed surface traces. The value in coming here lies instead in the broader landscape: the Glencullen River valley, the foothills of Two Rock Mountain, and the particular quality of a place where the 1843 OS map shows something that the ground no longer confirms. The six-inch map series, produced by the Ordnance Survey of Ireland in the mid-nineteenth century, captured many monuments that were already fading at the time of survey, and cross-referencing those sheets against the present landscape is one of the quieter pleasures of Irish field archaeology.