Ringfort (Rath), Ardnaveagh, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ardnaveagh, Co. Limerick

A wide gap on the western side of this Limerick ringfort has no causeway to explain it.

At the north-east entrance, the break in the banks lines up neatly with a raised causeway crossing the ditch, which is exactly how these things are supposed to work. The western gap, nearly three times as wide at 8.6 metres, simply opens onto nothing. Whether it was always there, whether it was made later, or whether something once bridged it that has since vanished entirely, the record does not say.

The site sits on a north-east-facing slope just below the brow of a hill in Ardnaveagh, Co. Limerick, and was recorded by Denis Power, with the survey uploaded in August 2011. It is a rath, the most common type of ringfort in Ireland, a form of enclosed farmstead built predominantly during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. The enclosure here is oval, measuring 28.2 metres north to south and 24.7 metres east to west, which puts it in a fairly typical size range for the type. The defences are double: an inner earthen bank with an external fosse, that is, a ditch, roughly a metre deep and just over two metres wide, and then beyond that a second earth-and-stone bank running from the north-east around to the south. The outer bank is lower on its exterior face than on its interior, which is an unusual reversal of what you might expect from a defensive structure.

The interior is level and under pasture, so there is little to see underfoot, but the enclosing elements are still legible in the landscape, helped considerably by mature deciduous trees growing along the banks. These trees, while not ancient in the archaeological sense, give the site a pronounced presence on the slope. Ringforts in Ireland were long associated in folklore with the fairy mounds, or raths, of the otherworld, which is one reason many survived undisturbed when surrounding land was cleared or ploughed. Visiting during late autumn or winter, when the leaf cover is reduced, gives the clearest sense of the earthwork's shape and the relationship between the two enclosing elements.

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Pete F
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