Ringfort (Rath), Ballinruane, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinruane, Co. Limerick

Somewhere in the pastureland of Ballinruane, a nearly perfect circle sits quietly in the slope, its earthen rim still holding its shape after well over a thousand years.

What gives it away, if anything does, is the ring of trees and bushes that has colonised the bank, turning what was once an open enclosure into something closer to a thicket. The vegetation is so dense now that the geometry underneath it, a circle thirty-six metres across, is easier to read on a map than on the ground.

This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common surviving monument type in the Irish countryside. Ringforts were typically the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval families, the bank and ditch serving less as military fortification and more as a boundary against livestock, wolves, and opportunistic neighbours. At Ballinruane, the enclosing bank still stands to an internal height of around 0.4 metres and an external height of 1.3 metres, with an outer fosse, or ditch, roughly 1.4 metres deep and 2 metres wide running around it. A gap of 2 metres in the bank at the north-west most likely marks the original entrance. The fosse remains waterlogged around much of its circuit, though a section running from the west-south-west to the north-north-west has been filled in with material dumped from removed field boundaries, a small but telling sign of how the landscape around it has been reworked over the centuries. The site was recorded and compiled by Denis Power, with notes uploaded in August 2011.

The ringfort sits on a north-east-facing slope in what is now pasture, which means the ground can be soft underfoot depending on the season. The waterlogged fosse is worth bearing in mind if you are moving around the perimeter. Because the entire site is overgrown with trees and bushes, the earthworks themselves are best appreciated by walking the outer edge rather than pushing into the interior, where the bank and ditch are clearest and the circular logic of the place becomes apparent. There is no formal access or signage, so the usual considerations around landowner permission apply.

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Pete F
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