Ringfort (Rath), Clorane, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Clorane, Co. Limerick

What survives of this ringfort in County Limerick exists almost entirely as an absence.

By the time the Ordnance Survey returned to map the area at the 25-inch scale in 1897, the small circular enclosure that had been clearly recorded on the 1840 six-inch edition had vanished from the landscape entirely, levelled at some point in the intervening decades. What had once been marked as an antiquity, a circular earthwork roughly 20 metres in diameter, was gone from the map and, it seemed, from the ground. Yet the land itself has not entirely forgotten it.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically built between the early medieval period and around the twelfth century. They usually consisted of a circular bank and ditch surrounding a domestic space, and they remain one of the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, though many have been lost to agricultural improvement over the centuries. At Clorane, the 1840 Ordnance Survey six-inch map shows the small enclosure sitting within a much larger, roughly circular area defined by a curving field boundary, that outer area measuring approximately 91 metres north to south and 76 metres east to west, with an external fosse running from the south to south-west. The relationship between this inner enclosure and the larger surrounding field boundary is not fully resolved, but the possible ringfort appears to sit in the north-east quadrant of that larger space. The whole earthwork complex lies about 230 metres north-east of Clorane House, with a post-1700 fish-pond 180 metres to the south and a laneway serving the house running along the southern edge of the earthwork.

For anyone visiting today, there is no upstanding monument to examine. The site sits in reclaimed pasture, and what can be detected is largely confined to aerial observation. Cropmark evidence, visible on Ordnance Survey orthophotography taken between 2005 and 2012 and on a Google Earth image from February 2020, shows a faint oval-shaped mark in the field that hints at the buried remains of the levelled enclosure. Aerial photographs taken by the Aerial Survey of Ireland in September and October 2002 also recorded the site. The laneway to Clorane House skirts the southern side of the earthwork, which gives some sense of the spatial logic that once organised this corner of the townland, even if the monument itself has long since disappeared into the grass.

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