Ringfort (Rath), Court (Shanid By.), Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
About 150 metres from the southern shore of the Shannon estuary, a low hillock rises out of undulating pasture in the townland of Court, in the barony of Shanid, County Limerick.
What sits on top of it is easy to miss if you do not know what to look for: a ringfort, or rath, that has used the natural topography of the hill with quiet ingenuity, incorporating the hillside itself into the structure rather than building entirely from scratch. The result is a roughly circular enclosure whose scarped edge, essentially a steeply cut earthen bank formed by slicing into the ground, rises to nearly three metres on most sides, with a width of around ten metres, making it a reasonably substantial example of its type.
Ringforts are among the most numerous archaeological monuments in Ireland, with tens of thousands surviving across the country in varying states of preservation. They date primarily from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, and functioned as enclosed farmsteads, their banks and ditches providing a degree of protection for a family and their livestock. This particular example, recorded and compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011, measures 28 metres north to south and 28.5 metres east to west, making it nearly perfectly circular. The northern side is noticeably less well defined, where the lower end of the scarped edge has been cut through by a later field boundary. Inside, the ground is largely level, but there is a secondary feature of interest: a smaller raised circular area in the north-west quadrant, itself defined by a scarped edge of around 0.4 metres. Significantly, the edge of this inner feature overlies the main enclosure edge as it runs from west to north, suggesting the two elements were not necessarily built at the same time, or that the interior was modified at some point during the site's use.
The site sits in working farmland, so access depends on the goodwill of the landowner and an awareness that the ground is actively grazed. The proximity to the Shannon estuary means the wider landscape is flat and open, which makes the hillock and its enclosure easier to read from a distance than many comparable sites buried in hedgerow. The scarped edge is best appreciated by walking the circuit of the fort and noting how the builders used the natural fall of the hillside to augment the height of the bank, particularly on the southern and eastern sides. The inner raised platform in the north-west quadrant is subtle, but once you are standing in the interior and looking for it, the slight change in level becomes clear.